- Health campaigns, in which ones work best, make you empathise with someone (social contract, people as ends of themselves)
- The most effective campaigns in which make you want to donate, what that does is doing is helping someone out.
- Informed by ethics (how to be a good communicator) Documented the journey and experiences of one person personal struggle, through this created visual outcome and an effective campaign.
- In this ethical practice has been used by using own skills towards helping other individuals.
(Being engaging, blogging, talking to people, drawing)
Definition
- Abstract term for life
- Arranged network of institutions and relationships, fellowship, a bond between people which is reciprocated
Raymond Williams
Different to the idea of the state - state of law, government, those in which control people, things which discipline us, can also restrict us.
Anarchism - doesn't believe in state, no hierarchy (institute of repression)
Can also be used types of activities, social functions, systems.
First things first - A Manifesto - Garland 1964
Society
Is it about humans? Using creativity to share a mutual aid, develop each other, to give and not receive.
Or should our talents be exploited for other individuals benefits?
Can work with science and industry, within the stem subjects, since feed
Funding removed, privatised art schools in order to fund. The government thinks the arts are trivial towards society.
Based on collaboration and skills sharing, mutual aid, working together
Communism
It's about system a were, a society has different talents to helo others and vice versa, not to make others
First things first
Smash capitalism - Paints a picture here there are two distinct sides, the capitalist and the non-capitalists. Removes the initial tone of the original manifesto. Suggests that rather than using skills for the benefits for society, what needs to be done is best use skills for anti-capitalism.
The world in which you are used rather than helping one another.
The design problem
Try and look at the real problems more, looking more critically to make a difference around the world.
Victor Papanek (1983)
African radio design - made from dung
Using materials available, identifying a need, the first world is keeping the third world underdeveloped, creating cheap radios to market is not the same thing, using talents to create a desire for a product, exploiting desires of Africans who can't afford this, and using talents to help other people help themselves. Papanek saw an issue with first world designers trying to fix third world society.
Treating / using people as a means to an end.
Social Tithe (tax)
Limitations of personal ethical standards within working for others. being unable to fulfil this is not what you are, other ways of benefiting society.
10 percent use of helping others (Pro Bono), and the other 90 Salaried Work
Helping by working for charities, community groups, moving towards ethical practice.
Socially and Ecologically aware design
Socially responsible designer and what that looks like. What determines if we're right or wrong? What you need is a framework of ethics, a brand of philosophy, trying to figure out what makes a true and honest life. Being ethical, being free and not enslaved.
How do we determine what is socially responsible?
Ethical Theories
Carry these aspects with ourselves in the creative world.
Subjective Relativism
- There are no universal moral norms of right and wrong
- All persons decide right and wrong for themselves
(Debating relativism is not productive)
Cultural Relativism
Relativism born out of a paticular society or cultural, deciding what's ethical the time period in which you're in now.
Can be as bad as relativism, associating certain actions with a particular thing. Cultural context. Thinking that people who aren't like us are doing the wrong thing.
Divine Command Theory
- Good actions are aligned with the will of god
- Bad actions are contrary to the will of god
- The holy book helps make the decisions
Kantianism
( Seen as one of the worlds most important philosopher)
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) a German philosopher
People wills should be based on moral rules
Therefore it's important that our actions are based on appropriate moral rules.
To determine when a moral proposed two Categorial system
Two Formulations of the Categorial Imperaive
What would society be like if everyone did this?
- Act only on moral rules that you can at the same time universalize
- If you act on a moral rule that would cause problems if everyone followed it then your actions are not moral.
- Act so that you always treat both yourself and other people as ends in themselves, and never only as means to and end, if you use people for your own benefit that is not moral.
Utilitarianism or Consequentialist ethics, John Stuart Mill
(If something generally makes the world a better place, it's a good thing
Social Contract
to live together in society, there is an unspoken promise, keeps us from being harmful, to be civilised such as sharing and brotherhood, without this there is anarchy, and there is no civilisation.
The government is part of the social contract in looking after us, being that we pay our bills and keep society stable as a whole, in breaking these you're breaking the rules of society.
Thomas Hobbes (1603-1679) and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
- An agreement between individuals held together by common interest
- Avoids society degenerating into the state of nature
Criteria for a workable ethical society?
- Moral desicions and rules
- Based on logical reasoning
- Come from facts and commonly hel
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