What is the text about?
The discussion of parody and pastiche. Parody is seen as an imitation exaggerating aspects of a point adding humour. Pastiche is a more sympathetic imitation. It isn't a negative thing, it can be an important tool, this can give us a contextual insight into what's being shown to us.
What is Jameson's definitions parody and pastiche?
Jameson's definition of pastiche:
"Pastiche is, like parody, the imitation of a peculiar or unique, idiosyncratic style, the wearing of a linguistic mask, speech in a dead language. But it is a neutral practice of such mimicry, without any of parody's ulterior motives, amputated of the satiric impulse, devoid of laughter"
"Speech in a dead language" he uses 'dead' not an insult to the original as it might seem but saying it has its space in time.
"In such a world of pastiche, we lose our connection to history" which gets turned into a series of styles and take the place of genres or representation
Jameson's definition of parody
Postmodern parody according to Jameson is "blank parody" without any sort of political bite. "Jameson sees this turn to "blank parody" as a falling off from modernism" and parody has been "replaced" by pastiche in the postmodern age.
What's the of voice within in the text?
There's a tone of aggression within the language. Jameson is much more in favour of the socialist aspect, and in turn challenging the establishment with this aggression.
Linda Hutcheon Pages 179- 186
Whats the text saying?
Linda Hutcheon's focus in this extract is on postmodernism architecture. Argues that postmodernism is a fundamentally contradictory enterprise.
Hutcheon's definition of parody -
"Parody is often considered central to postmodernism both by its fault finder and its defenders:"
"through a double process of installing and ionizing, parody signals how present representations come from past ones and what ideological consequences derive from both continuity and difference"
How does parody relate to pastiche?
Parody and pastiche have similar motives but differ in their delivery. Parody is an exaggeration of a topic that exudes humour bringing attention to a particular subject. Pastiche like parody takes a subject and celebrates, rather than mocks.
Constructivism
New and fresh but also with the use of characters. Representing the images doesn't look like it's been made on a computer, the same way a war poster
The Barn brook bible
Extracted from Gothic contexts, talking about style, visual codes, elements of designs of the past influence work.
Found little quirks of type and embedding them in his new type design. Its useful to also use these processes in our own practice.
Analysis of images and theory
Study Task
A summary of parody and pastiche according to Jameson and Hutcheon and the relevance this has to identified graphic design.
Pastiche according to Fredric Jameson greatly differentiates to Linda Hutcheon's definition of postmodern parody. t's evident that Hutcheon sees great value in the postmodern in contrast with Jameson and the literature perspective of periodic self-reflection in seeing a constant political critique and historical awareness in periodic works. Jameson characterises postmodern parody as "blank parody" stating it has no political impact. "Pastiche is like parody is the imitation of a peculiar or unique, idiosyncratic style, the wearing of a linguistic mask, speech in a dead language" (Jameson, F 'postmodernism', page 17).
In consideration of postmodernism, pastiche has in a sense been 'replaced' according to Jameson stating that It's unbiased practice of imitation without any of parody's ambiguous intent, cut off of the mocking motive, devoid of laughter that Jameson sees this turn to "blank parody" as a separation from modernism, where individual authors were particularly characterised by their original and unique styles.
In terms of parody, Hutcheon sees that it "takes the form of self-conscious, self-contradictory, self-undermining statement" in that (Hutcheon, L. Politics pg.1)
And the use of parody creates a "double or contradictory stance on a statement" Hutcheon, L. Politics pg.1) in its usage, and that in referencing it there is an acknowledgement that is able to "make fun of it" Hutcheon, L. Politics pg.1)
Hutcheon Further acknowledges that "Parody—often called ironic quotation, pastiche, appropriation, or intertextuality—is usually considered central to postmodernism, both by its detractors and its defenders" (Hutcheon, L. Politics pg.93) Jameson recognises that postmodern parody is relative to changing times, one in that there has been a loss of connection to past material and "effective political critique,"(Hutcheon, L. Politics pg.93)
Source
Felluga, Dino. "Modules on Hutcheon: On Parody." Introductory guide to Critical Theory. Perdue U. (Date accessed: 12/02/17) http://www.purdue.edu/guidetotheory/postmodernism/modules/hutcheonparody.html.
Felluga, Dino. "Modules on Jameson: On Pastiche." Introductory Guide to Critical Theory. Date. Purdue U. 12/02/17 http://www.purdue.edu/guidetotheory/postmodernism/modules/jamesonpastiche.html.
Examples in graphic design of Pastiche?
Their work is influenced by Victorian print advertising/ typography,
very decorative with the use of type.
Their work has similarities but isn't the same as the inspirations they have taken inspiration from. A lot more decorative elements although there are similarities and a connection.
Liberated - Wine label
Early modernist and an obvious wartime poster influence.
Examples in graphic design of Parody
These examples of graphic design are evidence of parody and the ability to provide commentary on social conventions and pop culture.
The original message of these logos has been changed and as a result a new one has been created. Theres a lot of different ways in which parody can be used as well as commentary. In other ways in purely just aesthetics.
In relation to the topic of parody and pastiche. I recently came across an article on its nice that.
An interview with Miriam Elia about new show - Pastiche Parody and Pastiche
Camilla Ellingsen Webster, satirical cartoonist Jeremy Banx and artist Miriam Elia. This exhibition was created by Elia as a reaction to her past exhibition within legal action coming with accusations from ladybird books.
(Talking about the importance of pastiche)
"It’s important because the ability to cut, satirise or re-contextualise the modern world is crucial to making art"
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